Tajwid rule
Idgham (merging)
الإدغام
Transliteration: Idghām
What it is
Idgham means merging the pronunciation of one letter into the next so that the two sound as a single, doubled letter. It applies most commonly to a silent noon (ن ساكنة) or tanwin followed by one of six specific letters: ي، ر، م، ل، و، ن.
When it applies
A noon sakinah (silent nun) or tanwin at the end of one word is immediately followed by one of the six idgham letters at the start of the next word.
How it sounds
The noon sound disappears and the next letter is pronounced with a shaddah (doubled). With four of the letters (ي، م، و، ن) there is also a nasal hum (ghunna) held for two counts. With ر and ل there is no ghunna.
Examples from the Mushaf
مِنْ رَبِّهِمْ
mir-rabbihim
Al-Baqarah 2:5
مِنْ نُورٍ
min-nūr
An-Nur 24:35
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